NOVA Official Website Making Stuff. Making Stuff Smaller. PBS Airdate January 2. DAVID. POGUE Imagine a world with buildings that can ride out. D. N. A. gossamer threads, strong enough to hold up a. These visions of the future are based in. Im. David Pogue, and Im on a quest to discover how the worlds smallest materials. Bee. venom is a cancer drug Samuel Wickline Cardiologist, Washington University. Yeah, its an excellent cancer drug. DAVID. POGUE. Come. Daniel S. Mishkin Gastroenterologist, Boston University. This capsule is acquiring images at a rate of two frames per second. Highlights from our Vintage Collection Inventory and Ordering Information. Below is a small selection of the vintage books for sale by Omnivore Books on Food. MRC is a diversified global media company with operations in filmed entertainment, television programming and original digital content. The company is the industry. DAVID. POGUE. Oh. I think I just banged the top of the eyeball. How. far can we go. What Thats a robotBradley Nelson Institute of Robotics, ETH Zurich. Thats a robot. DAVID. POGUE. in Making Stuff Smaller Right. Nova. As. tech columnist for the New York Times. Im always on the hunt for the next killer gadget. Wow. so I can play my records straight into the i. I/51Gcz-VtIkL._SX466_.jpg' alt='Alchemy An Index Of Possibilities Rarity' title='Alchemy An Index Of Possibilities Rarity' />Phone Adam Cohen Consumer Electronics. Show participant Thats right. DAVID POGUE Thats very. Consumer Electronics Show, in Las Vegas, to investigate. Summer Douglass Consumer. Electronics Show participant. Its a watch that is also a cellular phone, an Mp. POGUE Somehow, the electronics world has found that the. David Albers Consumer. Electronics Show participant So. L. E. D. DAVID POGUE Wow. Take. the T. V. Ten years ago, the first flat screens cost as much as 1. They. had thick glass panels and weighed a whopping 8. DAVID ALBERS This T. Alchemy An Index Of Possibilities Rarity' title='Alchemy An Index Of Possibilities Rarity' />V. DAVID POGUE Are you. So, the nice thing is when they Fed. Ex it to you, they can just slip it. DAVID ALBERS Exactly. DAVID. POGUE Im on a quest to discover why size matters, why. Amy Koppman Consumer. Electronics Show participant Performance. You have an f. 2. Its just a great piece. DAVID. POGUE Its crazy. If everything we own had improved. Whats the secret behind electronics stunning advances How. I reviewed these and wondered exactly whats inside there Do. I have a look AMY KOPPMAN No, not at all. Go ahead. DAVID POGUE Id like to. AMY KOPPMAN Yeah, please do. DAVID POGUE Where I come. Sony versus saw. here we go. You. guys standing far enough back Because I dont want anyone to get hurt. What do. you think well find Elves ButterfliesAnd. Not much. really, and no moving parts at all This digital camera. AMY KOPPMAN This is the brains. DAVID. POGUE. So. A lot of it just exists. I can handle it with my big human hands. AMY KOPPMAN Correct, cause thats not exactly the. DAVID POGUE I know. Honey. smile. Come on, let me see you smile. Come on. This. tiny wafer contains a highly sophisticated machine. Whats it made of A. They are laid out like tiny functional neighborhoods. Over. here is memory. Fifty. years ago, youd have needed a whole building full of vacuum tubes to store. Ratt Rar more. Over. here is where data comes in and out of the chip. Fifty. years ago, the fastest computer on Earth could process, maybe, a few hundred. Today, data goes in and out billions of times faster. And. here is the processor. Fifty. years ago, a computer could add a few thousand of numbers in a second. In the. same amount of time, this tiny chip can perform billions of calculations. Scientists. have discovered that the secret to cheap computing power is size. When we find. the right materials, and make them small, they change the world. The race to miniaturize began 5. Im talking. about the watch. How. did they go from big wall mounted grandfather clocks to something you could. Pierre Gygax Chief Operating Officer, Ulysse. Nardin The miniaturization, more functions in a smaller. POGUE Pierre Gygax is a watchmaker, in Switzerland. Some of his watches have more than 4. And. how small are some of the parts PIERRE GYGAX There are parts, which are point zero zero six. So that means a half the thickness of a hair. DAVID POGUE Wow. Hundreds. Its. the piece that puts the tick and the tock in time. PIERRE GYGAX You know the time is flowing. And its always. difficult to measure something flowing. So, what we do is we, we cut the time. And the oscillator is counting the slices. DAVID. POGUE The original oscillator was the pendulum, slicing. So, in the. Middle Ages, clocks were confined to immovable structures like towers or. But in the 1. 5th century, the invention of the mainspring. It. was essentially the first battery, a metal coil that could store mechanical. As it unwound, the mainspring powered a compact wheel. It was a major. breakthrough. Suddenly, gravity and the pendulum were no longer necessary. The. new spring driven mechanism made it possible to shrink the clock to fit into a. PIERRE GYGAX This watch is absolutely amazing. It shows. the exact position of the sun and the moon, all around the earth, from the top. North Pole. DAVID POGUE Oh, man. And how much does this watch go for PIERRE GYGAX Between 8. DAVID. POGUE But no need to spend 9. Nowadays, super accurate watches are disposable, thanks to another. Out. went the spring and mechanical oscillator, replaced by a tiny sliver of solid. Slice. a piece of quartz small enough, send an electric current through it, and it. A quartz driven clock can accurately chop time into millionths. Thats. because quartz is actually silicon, commonplace sand, the second most abundant. How To Age Of Empires on this page. Earth. For. the first time, a material replaced a machine, opening the door to a new era of. But silicon can do more than just mark time. Its a member of. Think. Semiconductors are materials that change from. Switches. made out of semiconductors are called transistors, and their amazing on again. But. how did they get to be so small One. Intel, a pioneer in squeezing tiny. Ive. met a lot of scientists who talk about switches and semiconductors, and somehow. Stephen L. Smith Vice President, Intel Corporation. What were trying to build with a semiconductor is a switch. This is one from. And, in. fact, when we push the switch up, we give an input and the light is an output. DAVID POGUE So, in science. Stephen Smith Exactly. Based on the input, we change the flow of electricity. DAVID POGUE Electricity on. Its the only language computers understand. When the switch is off. When the switch is on, the computer reads a one. String a bunch of switches together and you can create a code. With just eight. switches, you can represent any symbol on a keyboard. For a page, you need. One point four million will get you a second of music. Photos need tens of millions. And videos Were talking about tens of billions. The more switches, the more power. The. story of the computer revolution is the story of the shrinking switch. Twisted Metal 2 Iso Psx here. Early. computers used mechanical relays and vacuum tubes as switches. Building a. machine with just a few thousand took up rooms of space. But the silicon. transistor changed all that. Because its a material, not a machine, its easy. STEPHEN SMITH The exciting part about silicon transistors is. So rather than actually.